Tag: Acid

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Abietic acid attenuates allergic airway inflammation in a mouse allergic asthma model.

Abietic acid attenuates allergic airway inflammation in a mouse allergic asthma model.

Int Immunopharmacol. 2016 Jun 16;38:261-266

Authors: Gao Y, Zhaoyu L, Xiangming F, Chunyi L, Jiayu P, Lu S, Jitao C, Liangcai C, Jifang L

Abstract
Abietic acid (AA), one of the terpenoids isolated from Pimenta racemosa var. grissea, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, the anti-allergic effects of AA remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-allergic effects of AA in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma murine model. The model of mouse asthma was established by induction of OVA. AA (10, 20, 40mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage 1h after the OVA treatment on days 21 to 23. At 24h after the last challenge, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues were collected to assess pathological changes, cytokines production, and NF-?B expression. The results showed that AA attenuated lung histopathologic changes, inflammatory cells infiltration, and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. AA also inhibited OVA-induced the nitric oxide (NO), IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and OVA-specific IgE production, as well as NF-?B activation. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that AA exhibited protective effects against OVA-induced allergic asthma in mice and the possible mechanism was involved in inhibiting NF-?B activation.

PMID: 27318791 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Prenatal Exposure to Acid Reducers: Small But Significant Asthma Risk – Monthly Prescribing Reference (registration)


Monthly Prescribing Reference (registration)

Prenatal Exposure to Acid Reducers: Small But Significant Asthma Risk
Monthly Prescribing Reference (registration)
(HealthDay News) — Prenatal exposure to H2 blockers (H2Bs) or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is associated with a small but significantly increased risk of asthma in offspring, according to a study published online June 20 in the Journal of Clinical …

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Toluene diisocyanate: Induction of the autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid axis and its association with airways symptoms.

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Toluene diisocyanate: Induction of the autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid axis and its association with airways symptoms.

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2015 Jun 11;

Authors: Broström JM, Ye ZW, Axmon A, Littorin M, Tinnerberg H, Lindh CH, Zheng H, Ghalali A, Stenius U, Jönsson BA, Högberg J

Abstract
Diisocyanates are industrial chemicals which have a wide range of applications in developed and developing countries. They are notorious lung toxicants and respiratory sensitizers. However, the mechanisms behind their adverse effects are not adequately characterized. Autotaxin (ATX) is an enzyme producing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and the ATX-LPA axis has been implicated in lung related inflammatory conditions and diseases, including allergic asthma, but not to toxicity of environmental low-molecular-weight chemicals. We investigated effects of TDI on ATX induction in human lung epithelial cell models, and we correlated LPA-levels in plasma to biomarkers of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposure in urine collected from workers exposed to<5p.p.b.(parts per billion). Information on workers’ symptoms was collected through interviews. One nM TDI robustly induced ATX release within 10min in vitro. A P2X7- and P2X4-dependent microvesicle formation was implicated in a rapid ATX release and a subsequent protein synthesis. Co-localization between purinergic receptors and ATX was documented by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. The release was modulated by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and by extracellular ATP. In workers, we found a dose-response relationship between TDI exposure biomarkers in urine and LPA levels in plasma. Among symptomatic workers reporting “sneezing”, the LPA levels were higher than among non-symptomatic workers. This is a first report indicating induction of the ATX-LPA axis by an environmental low-molecular-weight chemical, and our data suggest a role for the ATX-LPA axis in TDI toxicity.

PMID: 26072274 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Docosahexaenoic acid ester of phloridzin inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in THP-1 differentiated macrophages.

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Docosahexaenoic acid ester of phloridzin inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in THP-1 differentiated macrophages.

Int Immunopharmacol. 2015 Jan 28;

Authors: Sekhon-Loodu S, Ziaullah, Rupasinghe HP

Abstract
Phloridzin or phlorizin (PZ) is a predominant phenolic compound found in apple and also used in various natural health products. Phloridzin shows poor absorption and cellular uptake due to its hydrophilic nature. The aim was to investigate and compare the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ester of PZ (PZ-DHA) and its parent compounds (phloridzin and DHA), phloretin (the aglycone of PZ) and cyclooxygenase inhibitory drugs (diclofenac and nimesulide) on production of pro-inflammatory biomarkers in inflammation-induced macrophages by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulation. Human THP-1 monocytes were seeded in 24-well plates (5×10(5)/well) and treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 0.1?g/mL) for 48h to induce macrophage differentiation. After 48h, the differentiated macrophages were washed with Hank’s buffer and treated with various concentrations of test compounds for 4h, followed by the LPS-stimulation (18h). Pre-exposure of PZ-DHA ester was more effective in reducing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein levels compared to DHA and nimesulide. However, diclofenac was the most effective in reducing prostaglandin (PGE2) level by depicting a dose-dependent response. However, PZ-DHA ester and DHA were the most effective in inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-?B) among other test compounds. Our results suggest that PZ-DHA ester might possess potential therapeutic activity to treat inflammation related disorders such as type 2 diabetes, asthma, atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease.

PMID: 25637769 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Outcome after Computer-Assisted (Robotic) Nissen Fundoplication in Children Measured as Pre- and Postoperative Acid Reducing and Asthma Medications Use.

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Outcome after Computer-Assisted (Robotic) Nissen Fundoplication in Children Measured as Pre- and Postoperative Acid Reducing and Asthma Medications Use.

Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2014 Oct 26;

Authors: Granéli C, Kockum CC, Arnbjornsson E, Anderberg M

Abstract
Purpose?This study aims to report the clinical outcome of computer-assisted fundoplication (CAF) in children. Methods?As our center changed policy to using computer-assisted surgery only, a prospectively studied cohort of 40 children underwent CAF, during the period from January 2006 through May 2013. The collected data include patient demographics and postoperative complications as well as medication, 24-hour pH measurements and DeMeester scores before and after surgery. Results?In the studied group, the median percentage of the duration of the 24-hour pH?<?4 decreased postoperatively from 11 (range, 5-39) to 1% (range, 0-12) (p?<?0.001); the DeMeester score decreased from 40 (range, 17-137) to 5 (range, 1-42) (p?<?0.001). All 40 patients required antireflux medication before the fundoplication. This number decreased significantly to 8 (20%) after the fundoplication (p?<?0.001). Before the fundoplication, 22 children (55%) were using asthma medication and 12 (30%) after the fundoplication (p?=?0.04). Conclusions?The CAF significantly reduced the acid reflux from the stomach to the esophagus and the use of antireflux as well as asthma medication during the median observation period of 5 years. The evidence of advantages compared with conventional laparoscopic fundoplication remain to be confirmed.

PMID: 25344939 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Study Shows Acid Reflux Can Cause Adult Asthma – CBS Local


CBS Local

Study Shows Acid Reflux Can Cause Adult Asthma
CBS Local
A study in the journal “Jama Surgery” says for people with reflux, an operation to relieve their symptoms of heartburn, nausea, cough and sore throat, also relieved their symptoms of asthma-related wheezing and trouble breathing. Doctors used a new …
Study by West Penn Allegheny Surgeons Points to Reflux Disease as Cause of …HealthCanal.com

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