Cutting Edge: AhR Is a Molecular Target of Calcitriol in Human T Cells.

Related Articles

Cutting Edge: AhR Is a Molecular Target of Calcitriol in Human T Cells.

J Immunol. 2015 Aug 14;

Authors: Takami M, Fujimaki K, Nishimura MI, Iwashima M

Abstract
The immunoregulatory functions of vitamin D have been well documented in various immunological disorders, including multiple sclerosis, arthritis, and asthma. IL-10 is considered a chief effector molecule that promotes the vitamin D-induced immunosuppressive states of T cells and accessory cells. In this article, we demonstrate that the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), has a profound inhibitory effect on the development of human Th9, a CD4 T cell subset that is highly associated with asthma, in an IL-10-independent manner. Our data show that calcitriol represses the expression of BATF, a transcription factor essential for Th9, via suppressing the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, without an increase in IL-10. The data show a novel link between vitamin D and two key transcription factors involved in T cell differentiation.

PMID: 26276877 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

View full post on pubmed: asthma

Scrambling Asthma Cells – Lab Manager | News (press release) (blog)


Lung Disease News

Scrambling Asthma Cells
Lab Manager | News (press release) (blog)
The images show human bronchial epithelial cells obtained from a normal donor (left) and an asthmatic donor. The color-coded bar reflects the speed at which the cells move.Images Courtesy of Jeffrey Fredberg and Jin-Ah ParkIn people with asthma, the …
Harvard Scientists Find Asthma Cells Scrambling Like There's A Fire DrillLung Disease News

all 2 news articles »

View full post on asthma – Google News

Harvard Scientists Find Asthma Cells Scrambling Like There’s A Fire Drill – Lung Disease News


Lung Disease News

Harvard Scientists Find Asthma Cells Scrambling Like There's A Fire Drill
Lung Disease News
In the course of a new study at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, scientists have made an unexpected discovery suggesting intriguing new avenues both for basic biological research and for therapeutic interventions to fight asthma.
Scrambling Asthma CellsLab Manager | News (press release) (blog)

all 2 news articles »

View full post on asthma – Google News

Convergence of air pollutant-induced redox-sensitive signals in the dendritic cells contributes to asthma pathogenesis.

Related Articles

Convergence of air pollutant-induced redox-sensitive signals in the dendritic cells contributes to asthma pathogenesis.

Toxicol Lett. 2015 May 27;

Authors: Li N, Buglak N

Abstract
Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is a major risk factor for allergic airway inflammation such as asthma. Many of the PM components (i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals) are redox-active and capable of inducing cellular oxidative stress and injuries including inflammation and cell death. Airway epithelial cells and antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC) are the major and direct targets of inhaled PM. The epithelial cells can further enhance the DC response to allergen and PM through several immune regulatory cytokines including thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IL-33, and IL-25. Among these cytokines TSLP is particularly relevant to the mechanisms by which particulate air pollutants contribute to asthma pathogenesis. Studies have found that TSLP released by PM-exposed human airway epithelial cells could polarize the DC towards a T-helper 2 immune response, which is one of the key immunological mechanisms in asthma pathogenesis. The convergence of regulatory signals generated by PM-induced oxidative stress in DC and the interactions among them may be one of the major mechanisms that are specifically related to the contribution of PM towards asthma pathogenesis.

PMID: 26026960 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

View full post on pubmed: asthma

Nanotubes Connect CD4+ T Cells to Airway Smooth Muscle Cells: Novel Mechanism of T Cell Survival.

Related Articles

Nanotubes Connect CD4+ T Cells to Airway Smooth Muscle Cells: Novel Mechanism of T Cell Survival.

J Immunol. 2015 May 1;

Authors: Al Heialy S, Zeroual M, Farahnak S, McGovern T, Risse PA, Novali M, Lauzon AM, Roman HN, Martin JG

Abstract
Contact between airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells and activated CD4(+) T cells, a key interaction in diseases such as asthma, triggers ASM cell proliferation and enhances T cell survival. We hypothesized that direct contact between ASM and CD4(+) T cells facilitated the transfer of anti-apoptotic proteins via nanotubes, resulting in increased survival of activated CD4(+) T cells. CD4(+) T cells, isolated from PBMCs of healthy subjects, when activated and cocultured with ASM cells for 24 h, formed nanotubes that were visualized by immunofluorescence and atomic force microscopy. Cell-to-cell transfer of the fluorescent dye calcein-AM confirmed cytoplasmic communication via nanotubes. Immunoreactive B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (Mcl-1), two major anti-apoptotic proteins, were present within the nanotubes. Downregulation of Mcl-1 by small interfering RNA in ASM cells significantly increased T cell apoptosis, whereas downregulation of Bcl-2 had no effect. Transfer of GFP-tagged Mcl-1 from ASM cells to CD4(+) T cells via the nanotubes confirmed directionality of transfer. In conclusion, activated T cells communicate with ASM cells via nanotube formation. Direct transfer of Mcl-1 from ASM to CD(+) T cells via nanotubes is involved in T cell survival. This study provides a novel mechanism of survival of CD4(+) T cells that is dependent on interaction with a structural cell.

PMID: 25934863 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

View full post on pubmed: asthma

IL2 cells express factor that targets cells for potential anti-asthma therapeutics – Lung Disease News


Lung Disease News

IL2 cells express factor that targets cells for potential anti-asthma therapeutics
Lung Disease News
Asthma currently affects 18.7 million adults and 6.8 million children in the United States alone, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. While what causes asthma is unknown, it is established among researchers that both …

View full post on asthma – Google News