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Air pollution, asthma may contribute to preterm birth risk
Healio “Women with asthma have higher risks for preterm birth after acute exposure to most criteria air pollutants both early (weeks 23, 26, and 29) and later in gestation (weeks 34-36),” Pauline Mendola, PhD, of the division of intramural population health … |
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HB-EGF-Promoted Airway Smooth Muscle Cells and Their Progenitor Migration Contribute to Airway Smooth Muscle Remodeling in Asthmatic Mouse.
J Immunol. 2016 Jan 29;
Authors: Wang Q, Li H, Yao Y, Lu G, Wang Y, Xia D, Zhou J
Abstract
The airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells’ proliferation, migration, and their progenitor’s migration are currently regarded as causative factors for ASM remodeling in asthma. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), a potent mitogen and chemotactic factor, could promote ASM cell proliferation through MAPK pathways. In this study, we obtained primary ASM cells and their progenitors from C57BL/6 mice and went on to explore the role of HB-EGF in these cells migration and the underlying mechanisms. We found that recombinant HB-EGF (rHB-EGF) intratracheal instillation accelerated ASM layer thickening in an OVA-induced asthmatic mouse. Modified Boyden chamber assay revealed that rHB-EGF facilitate ASM cell migration in a dose-dependent manner and ASM cells from asthmatic mice had a greater migration ability than that from normal counterparts. rHB-EGF could stimulate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 in ASM cells but further migration assay showed that only epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor (AG1478) or p38 inhibitor (SB203580), but not ERK1/2 inhibitor (PD98059), could inhibit rHB-EGF-mediated ASM cells migration. Actin cytoskeleton experiments exhibited that rHB-EGF could cause actin stress fibers disassembly and focal adhesions formation of ASM cells through the activation of p38. Finally, airway instillation of rHB-EGF promoted the recruitment of bone marrow-derived smooth muscle progenitor cells, which were transferred via caudal vein, migrating into the airway from the circulation. These observations demonstrated that ASM remodeling in asthma might have resulted from HB-EGF-mediated ASM cells and their progenitor cells migration, via p38 MAPK-dependent actin cytoskeleton remodeling.
PMID: 26826248 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
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Lung Disease News |
Newly Discovered Toxin May Cause Lung Inflammation, Contribute to Asthma …
Lung Disease News On December 23, 2014, scientists from the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio published a new study describing a novel way that a bacterial toxin might contribute to asthma and other pulmonary diseases, both chronic and acute. |
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Western diet pattern may contribute to asthma symptoms in adults
Healio “There are several pathways by which a Western diet pattern could influence adult asthma,” researchers wrote. “The Western diet pattern is rich in pro-inflammatory foods and poor in antioxidant foods, which could influence responses to environmental … |
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Cigarette Smoke Induces uPAR in Vivo and Isoforms Selectively Contribute to Bronchial Epithelial Phenotype.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2014 Dec 9;
Authors: Portelli MA, Stewart CE, Hall IP, Brightling CE, Sayers I
Abstract
The urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) gene (PLAUR) has been identified as an asthma susceptibility gene, with polymorphisms within that gene being associated with baseline lung function, lung function decline and lung function in a smoking population. Soluble cleaved uPAR (scuPAR), a molecule identified as a marker of increased morbidity and mortality in a number of diseases, has itself been shown to be elevated in the airways of asthma and COPD patients. However, the functionality of soluble receptor isoforms and their relationship with an important initiator for obstructive lung disease, cigarette smoke, remains undefined. In this study, we set out to determine the effect of cigarette smoke on soluble uPAR isoforms, its regulatory pathway and the resultant effect on bronchial epithelial cell function. We identified a positive association between cigarette pack/years and uPAR expression in the airway bronchial epithelium of biopsies from asthma patients (n=27, P=0.0485). In vitro, cigarette smoke promoted cleavage of uPAR from the surface of bronchial epithelial cells (1.5X induction, P<0.0001) and induced the soluble spliced isoform through changes in mRNA expression (~2X change, P<0.001), driven by loss of endogenous 3`UTR suppression. Elevated expression of the soluble isoforms resulted in a pro-remodelling cell phenotype, characterised by increased proliferation and MMP-9 expression in primary bronchial epithelial cells. This suggests that cigarette smoke elevates soluble receptor isoforms in bronchial epithelial cells through direct (cleavage), and indirect (mRNA expression) means. These findings provide further insight into how cigarette smoke may influence changes in the airways of importance to airway remodelling and obstructive lung disease progression.
PMID: 25490122 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
View full post on pubmed: asthma
OZY |
Could Obesity Contribute to Asthma?
OZY I can't breathe!” the 350-pound lifelong asthma sufferer shouted again and again. One witness claimed to see him foaming at the mouth. He died a few minutes later. Medical examiners reported that obesity, asthma and heart problems contributed to his death. |
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Science World Report |
New Genes that Contribute to Asthma Identified
Science World Report For this study, researchers focused on memory cells in asthmatic disease that develop abnormally in asthma patients. These cells are responsible for quickly responding to foreign substances known as antigens that a host has been previously exposed to. Researchers identify new genes that likely contribute to asthma New genes kindle hope for asthma patients New genes identified to help in asthma treatment |
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Researchers identify new genes that likely contribute to asthma
News-Medical.net In a study published yesterday in the scientific journal Nature Immunology, a group at the La Jolla Institute (LJI) led by Pandurangan Vijayanand, Ph.D. identify new genes that likely contribute to asthma, a disease that currently affects over 200 … |
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Obesity in Children May Contribute to Asthma
dailyRx Raquel Granell, PhD, a research fellow specializing in epidemiology of asthma and allergy in children with the School of Social and Community Medicine at the University of Bristol in the United Kingdom, led this investigation to see if there may be a … |
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Prenatal Vitamin A Deficiency May Contribute to Asthma
Monthly Prescribing Reference (HealthDay News) — Early fetal retinoic acid (RA) deficiency is associated with altered airway smooth muscle phenotype, with RA restricting airway smooth muscle differentiation, according to an experimental study published in the February 3 issue of … |
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