Tag: cytokine

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Relationship between Pesticide Metabolites, Cytokine Patterns, and Asthma-Related Outcomes in Rural Women Workers.

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Relationship between Pesticide Metabolites, Cytokine Patterns, and Asthma-Related Outcomes in Rural Women Workers.

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13(10)

Authors: Mwanga HH, Dalvie MA, Singh TS, Channa K, Jeebhay MF

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between exposure to organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid (PYR) pesticides with serum cytokine patterns and asthma-related outcomes among rural women workers. A cross-sectional study was conducted among rural women (n = 211), including those working and living on farms and nearby town dwellers. Pesticide exposure was assessed using urinary metabolite concentrations of OP and PYR pesticides. Health outcome assessment was ascertained through the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaire, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and serum cytokines associated with asthma. The prevalence of doctor-diagnosed asthma was 11%, adult-onset asthma 9%, and current asthma 6%. In this population, the proportion of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13) detectable in subjects was between 18% and 40%, while the proportion of non-Th2 cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, and interferon gamma) was between 35% and 71%. Most Th2 and non-Th2 cytokines were positively associated with either OP or PYR metabolites. Non-Th2 cytokines showed much stronger associations with OP metabolites (Dimethyl phosphate OR = 4.23; 95% CI: 1.54-11.65) than Th2 cytokines (Dimethyl phosphate OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 0.83-3.46). This study suggests that exposure to most OP and some PYR pesticides may be associated with asthma-related cytokines, with non-Th2 cytokines demonstrating consistently stronger relationships.

PMID: 27690066 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Sonchus asper extract inhibits LPS-induced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in RAW264.7 macrophages.

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Sonchus asper extract inhibits LPS-induced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in RAW264.7 macrophages.

Nutr Res Pract. 2015 Dec;9(6):579-585

Authors: Wang L, Xu ML, Liu J, Wang Y, Hu JH, Wang MH

Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sonchus asper is used extensively as an herbal anti-inflammatory for treatment of bronchitis, asthma, wounds, burns, and cough; however, further investigation is needed in order to understand the underlying mechanism. To determine its mechanism of action, we examined the effects of an ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of S. asper on nitric oxide (NO) production and prostaglandin-E2 levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages.
MATERIALS/METHODS: An in vitro culture of RAW264.7 macrophages was treated with LPS to induce inflammation.
RESULTS: Treatment with EAF resulted in significant suppression of oxidative stress in RAW264.7 macrophages as demonstrated by increased endogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and intracellular glutathione levels, decreased generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, and restoration of the mitochondrial membrane potential. To confirm its anti-inflammatory effects, analysis of expression of inducible NO synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-?, and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-1? and IL-6 was performed using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. EAF treatment resulted in significantly reduced dose-dependent expression of all of these factors, and enhanced expression of the antioxidants MnSOD and heme oxygenase-1. In addition, HPLC fingerprint results suggest that rutin, caffeic acid, and quercetin may be the active ingredients in EAF.
CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, findings of this study imply that the anti-inflammatory effect of EAF on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells is mediated by suppression of oxidative stress.

PMID: 26634045 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Th1/Th2 cytokine pattern in Arab children with severe asthma.

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Th1/Th2 cytokine pattern in Arab children with severe asthma.

Int J Clin Exp Med. 2014;7(8):2286-91

Authors: Al-Daghri NM, Alokail MS, Draz HM, Abd-Alrahman SH, Yakout SM, Clerici M

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bronchial Asthma has recently emerged as one of the most prevalent diseases in Arab countries. Environmental and geographical influences were shown to be the reasons of the variations in the rates of prevalence; no analyses have nevertheless yet been performed on the immunologic background associated with this condition in Arabic children.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the cytokine production from T cells in children with and without asthma, and to determine the role of the most related cytokine patterns in childhood asthma.
METHODS: A total of 195 Saudis children (98 asthma pediatric patients and 97 healthy controls) were randomly selected from the Riyadh Cohort Study for inclusion. Asthma was based on established pediatric diagnosis and medications taken.
RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between the two groups, thus, GMCSF, INF-?, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8 and IgG-3 were reduced in patients compared to controls; in these same patients IgE, resistin, IL-4 and IgG-4 were significantly increased. In contrast with these results no differences between patients and controls were seen in CRP, TNF-?, IL-1, IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, IL-13, IgG-1, IgG-2, IgG-A and IgG-M. Result of a principal component analysis suggested that IL4. INF-? and IgE are major players in the pathogenesis of asthma in Arabic children.
CONCLUSION: These are the first data obtained in asthmatic children in Saudi; data herein confirm that this disease is associated with a profound degree of immune impairment independently of the peculiar genetic of the analyzed individuals, and of the environmental conditions that are present in this part of the world.

PMID: 25232422 [PubMed]

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Study to Examine the Cytokine Levels, Gene Expression and Safety of a Single Nasal Dose of JNJ-43260295, in Healthy Participants, and Atopic Participants With Mild to Mild-Persistent Asthma

Conditions:   Healthy;   Asthma
Interventions:   Drug: JNJ-43260295;   Drug: Placebo;   Other: Nasal Allergen Challenge
Sponsor:   Janssen Research & Development, LLC
Not yet recruiting – verified September 2014

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Cytokine profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from a mouse model of bronchial asthma during seasonal H1N1 infection.

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Cytokine profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from a mouse model of bronchial asthma during seasonal H1N1 infection.

Cytokine. 2014 Jul 3;69(2):206-210

Authors: Hasegawa S, Wakiguchi H, Okada S, Gui Kang Y, Fujii N, Hasegawa M, Hasegawa H, Ainai A, Atsuta R, Shirabe K, Toda S, Wakabayashi-Takahara M, Morishima T, Ichiyama T

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Several studies support the role of viral infections in the pathogenesis of asthma exacerbation. However, several pediatricians believe that influenza virus infection does not exacerbate bronchial asthma, except for influenza A H1N1 2009 pandemic [A(H1N1)pdm09] virus infection. We previously reported that A(H1N1)pdm09 infection possibly induces severe pulmonary inflammation or severe asthmatic attack in a mouse model of bronchial asthma and in asthmatic children. However, the ability of seasonal H1N1 influenza (H1N1) infection to exacerbate asthmatic attacks in bronchial asthma patients has not been previously reported, and the differences in the pathogenicity profiles, such as cytokine profiles, remains unclear in bronchial asthma patients after A(H1N1)pdm09 and H1N1 infections.
METHODS: The cytokine levels and viral titers in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from mice with and without asthma after H1N1 infection (A/Yamagata and A/Puerto Rico strains) were compared.
RESULTS: The interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-?, IL-5, interferon (IFN)-?, IFN-?, and IFN-? levels were significantly higher in the BAL fluids from the control/H1N1 mice than from the asthmatic/H1N1 mice. The viral titers in the BAL fluid were also significantly higher in the control/H1N1mice than in the asthmatic/H1N1 mice infected with either A/Yamagata or A/Puerto Rico.
CONCLUSIONS: A(H1N1)pdm09 infection, but not H1N1 infection, can induce severe pulmonary inflammation through elevated cytokine levels in a mouse model of asthma.

PMID: 24998935 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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