Tag: Effects

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Effects of weight loss on airway responsiveness in obese asthmatics: Does weight loss lead to reversibility of asthma?

Effects of weight loss on airway responsiveness in obese asthmatics: Does weight loss lead to reversibility of asthma?

Chest. 2015 Mar 12;

Authors: Pakhale S, Baron J, Dent R, Vandemheen K, Aaron SD

Abstract
Background: Growing epidemics of obesity and asthma are major public health concerns. Despite that asthma-obesity links are widely studied, the effects of weight loss on asthma severity measured by airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) have received limited attention. Our main study objective was to examine whether weight reduction reduces asthma severity in adult obese-asthmatics.
Methods: In a prospective controlled parallel group study, we followed 22 obese-asthmatic subjects aged 18-75 years, with a body mass index (BMI) >32.5kg/m2 and airway hyper-responsiveness (PC20<16mg/mL of methacholine). Sixteen subjects followed a behavioural weight reduction program for 3 months and 6 subjects were controls. The primary outcome was change in AHR over 3 months. Changes in lung function, asthma control and quality of life were secondary outcomes.
Results: At study entry, subjects’ mean age was 44 years (SD±9), 95% were females with mean BMI of 45.7kg/m2 (SD±9.2). After 3 months, mean weight loss was 16.5kg (SD± 9.9) in the weight loss group but controls had a mean weight gain of 0.6kg (SD±2.6). There were significant improvements in PC20 to methacholine (p=0.009), FEV1 (p=0.009), FVC (p=0.010), asthma-control (p<0.001) and asthma quality of life (p=0.003) in the intervention group whilst these parameters remained unchanged in the control group. Physical activity levels also increased significantly in the intervention group but not in the controls.
Conclusion: Weight loss in obese-asthmatics can improve asthma severity and result in improvements in AHR, asthma control, lung function, and quality of life. These findings support the need to actively pursue healthy weight loss measures in obese-asthmatics.

PMID: 25763936 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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A dose-ranging study of the bronchodilator effects of abediterol (LAS100977), a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist, in asthma; a Phase II, randomized study.

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A dose-ranging study of the bronchodilator effects of abediterol (LAS100977), a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist, in asthma; a Phase II, randomized study.

BMC Pulm Med. 2014 Nov 14;14(1):176

Authors: Singh D, Pujol H, Ribera A, Seoane B, Massana E, Astbury C, Ruiz S, de Miquel G

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists (LABAs) are recommended in combination with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) for asthma management. Abediterol is a novel, selective, potent, once-daily LABA in development for treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study aimed to determine abediterol doses with similar peak bronchodilatory effect to salbutamol 400 mug, and duration of action compatible with once-daily dosing in patients with persistent, stable asthma.
METHODS: This was a Phase II, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, crossover, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01425801) in 62 patients with mild-to-moderate asthma who were also receiving an ICS. Patients received single doses of abediterol 0.313, 0.625, 1.25, or 2.5 mug, salbutamol 400 mug, or placebo in the morning. Spirometry was performed up to 36 h post-dose; safety and tolerability were assessed throughout the study. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in peak forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Additional endpoints included trough FEV1, normalized area under the FEV1 curve (FEV1 AUC) up to 24 h post-dose, and peak and trough forced vital capacity (FVC).
RESULTS: Abediterol produced dose-dependent improvements in peak FEV1 from baseline compared with placebo, from 0.274 (95%CI 0.221, 0.327) to 0.405 L (95%CI 0.353, 0.458) for abediterol 0.313 to 2.5 mug, respectively (p < 0.0001 all doses). Abediterol 0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mug had similar magnitude of peak FEV1 effect to salbutamol. Dose-dependent changes from baseline in trough FEV1 versus placebo were 0.219 (95%CI 0.136, 0.302) to 0.400 L (95%CI 0.317, 0.483) for abediterol 0.313 to 2.5 mug, respectively (p < 0.0001). All abediterol doses achieved significant improvements versus placebo in FEV1 AUC 0-6, 0-12, and 0-24 h, and peak and trough FVC (p < 0.05). Less than 10% of patients experienced treatment-related adverse events for each dose of abediterol; most were mild to moderate in intensity and the most common were headache and nasopharyngitis. There were no clinically relevant changes in heart-rate.
CONCLUSIONS: Abediterol 0.625-2.5 mug provided dose-dependent, clinically and statistically significant bronchodilation versus placebo in patients with asthma, with a peak effect similar to salbutamol and duration of action compatible with once-daily dosing. All doses of abediterol were well tolerated.

PMID: 25398689 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Socioeconomic Status Ultimately Influences The Long-Term Effects of Childhood … – Science World Report


Science World Report

Socioeconomic Status Ultimately Influences The Long-Term Effects of Childhood …
Science World Report
"As with all chronic illnesses, there is a biological mechanism behind asthma, but asthmatic children's prognoses depend heavily on parental management, and successful management often relies on social circumstances," said Jen-Hao Chen, an assistant …

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Long-term effects of childhood asthma influenced by socioeconomic status – Medical Xpress


Medical Xpress

Long-term effects of childhood asthma influenced by socioeconomic status
Medical Xpress
"As with all chronic illnesses, there is a biological mechanism behind asthma, but asthmatic children's prognoses depend heavily on parental management, and successful management often relies on social circumstances," said Jen-Hao Chen, an assistant …

View full post on asthma – Google News

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Study to Compare the Effects of Z7200 And Symbicort® Turbohaler on Respiratory Imaging Parameters in Asthmatic Patients

Conditions:   Asthma;   Asthma Chronic;   Asthma Bronchial;   Asthmatic
Interventions:   Drug: Z7200;   Drug: Symbicort® Turbohaler®;   Drug: Placebo of Test product;   Drug: Placebo of Reference Drug;   Radiation: Functional Respiratory Imaging
Sponsors:   FluidDA nv;   Zambon SpA
Not yet recruiting – verified August 2014

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A Computational Physiology Approach to Personalized Treatment Models: The Beneficial Effects of Slow Breathing on the Human Cardiovascular System.

A Computational Physiology Approach to Personalized Treatment Models: The Beneficial Effects of Slow Breathing on the Human Cardiovascular System.

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2014 Jul 25;

Authors: Fonoberova M, Mezic I, Buckman JF, Fonoberov VA, Mezic A, Vaschillo E, Mun EY, Vaschillo B, Bates ME

Abstract
Heart rate variability biofeedback intervention involves slow breathing at a rate of ~6 breaths per min (resonance breathing) to maximize respiratory and baroreflex effects on heart period oscillations. This intervention has wide-ranging clinical benefits and is gaining empirical support as an adjunct therapy for biobehavioral disorders, including asthma and depression. Yet, little is known about the system-level cardiovascular changes that occur during resonance breathing or the extent to which individuals differ in cardiovascular benefit. This study used a computational physiology approach to dynamically model the human cardiovascular system at rest and during resonance breathing. Noninvasive measurements of heart period, beat-to-beat systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and respiration period were obtained from 24 healthy young men and women. A model with respiration as input was parameterized to better understand how the cardiovascular processes that control variability in heart period and blood pressure change from rest to resonance breathing. The cost function used in model calibration corresponded to the difference between the experimental data and model outputs. A good match was observed between the data and model outputs (heart period, blood pressure, and corresponding power spectral densities). Significant improvements in several modeled cardiovascular functions (e.g., blood flow to internal organs, sensitivity of the sympathetic component of the baroreflex, ventricular elastance) were observed during resonance breathing. Individual differences in the magnitude and nature of these dynamic responses suggest that computational physiology may be clinically useful for tailoring heart rate variability biofeedback interventions for the needs of individual patients.

PMID: 25063789 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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