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Clinical factors estimated risk for uncontrolled asthma, severe exacerbations
Healio Clinical factors were used to estimate risk for uncontrolled asthma and severe exacerbations, and to develop a risk score for future exacerbations, according to recent study results. Researchers conducted a retrospective analysis of data from three … |
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Risk factors for a poor outcome among children admitted with clinically severe pneumonia to a university hospital in Rabat, Morocco.
Int J Infect Dis. 2014 Oct 8;
Authors: Jroundi I, Mahraoui C, Benmessaoud R, Moraleda C, Tligui H, Seffar M, Kettani SE, Benjelloun BS, Chaacho S, Muñoz-Almagro C, Ruiz J, Alonso PL, Bassat Q
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Data on prognostic factors among children with severe pneumonia are scarce in middle-income countries. We investigated prognostic factors for an adverse outcome among children admitted to the Hôpital d’Enfants de Rabat, Morocco with World Health Organization-defined clinically severe pneumonia (CSP).
METHODS: Children aged 2-59 months admitted to the hospital and fulfilling the CSP definition were recruited into this 13-month prospective study. A poor prognosis was defined as death, a need for intensive care, or a Respiratory Index of Severity in Children (RISC) score ?3. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to ascertain independent predictive factors for a poor prognosis.
RESULTS: Of the 689 children included in this analysis, 55 (8.0%) required intensive care and 28 died (4.0%). Five hundred and two (72.8%) children were classified as having a good prognosis and 187 (27.2%) as having a poor prognosis. A history of prematurity (odds ratio (OR) 2.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24-5.04), of fever (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.32-3.83), living in a house with smokers (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.18-2.72), impaired consciousness (OR 10.96, 95% CI 2.88-41.73), cyanosis (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.05-4.15), pallor (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.34-3.84), having rhonchi on auscultation (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.58-3.79), and human metapneumovirus infection (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.13-4.02) were all independent risk factors for an adverse outcome, whereas a history of asthma (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.25-0.84) was the only independent risk factor for a positive outcome.
CONCLUSIONS: The early identification of factors associated with a poor prognosis could improve management strategies and the likelihood of survival of Moroccan children with severe pneumonia.
PMID: 25305555 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
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Human coronaviruses: viral and cellular factors involved in neuroinvasiveness and neuropathogenesis.
Virus Res. 2014 Oct 1;
Authors: Desforges M, Le Coupanec A, Stodola JK, Meessen-Pinard M, Talbot PJ
Abstract
Among the various respiratory viruses infecting human beings, coronaviruses are important pathogens, which usually infect the upper respiratory tract, where they are mainly associated with common colds. However, in more vulnerable populations, such as newborns, infants, the elderly and immune-compromised individuals, these opportunistic pathogens can also affect the lower respiratory tract, leading to pneumonia, exacerbations of asthma, and various types of respiratory distress syndrome. The respiratory involvement of human coronaviruses has been clearly established since the 1960’s. Nevertheless, for almost three decades now, data reported in the scientific literature has also demonstrated that, like it was described for other human viruses, coronaviruses have neuroinvasive capacities since they can spread from the respiratory tract to the central nervous system (CNS). Once there, infection of CNS cells (neurotropism) could lead to human health problems, such as encephalitis and long-term neurological diseases. Neuroinvasive coronaviruses could damage the CNS as a result of misdirected host immune responses that could be associated with autoimmunity in susceptible individuals (virus-induced neuroimmunopathology) and/or viral replication, which directly induces damage to CNS cells (virus-induced neuropathology). Given all these properties, it has been suggested that these opportunistic human respiratory pathogens could be associated with the triggering or the exacerbation of neurologic diseases for which the etiology remains poorly understood. Herein, we present host and viral factors that participate in the regulation of the possible pathogenic processes associated with CNS infection by human coronaviruses and we try to decipher the intricate interplay between virus and host target cells in order to characterize their role in the virus life cycle as well as in the capacity of the cell to respond to viral invasion.
PMID: 25281913 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
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Spink5 And Adrb2 Haplotypes Are Risk Factors For Asthma In Mexican Pediatric Patients.
J Asthma. 2014 Sep 18;:1-23
Authors: Martínez-Aguilar N, Del Río-Navarro B, Navarro-Olivos E, García-Ortíz H, Orozco L, Jiménez-Morales S
Abstract
Abstract Background: Asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases worldwide, and the complexity of its etiology has been widely documented. Chromosome 5q31-33 is one of the main loci implicated in asthma and asthma-related traits. IL13, CD14, and ADRB2, which are located in this risk locus, are among the genes most strongly associated with asthma susceptibility. Objectives: This study evaluated whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms or haplotypes at 5q31-33 conferred risk for asthma in Mexican-Mestizo pediatric patients. Methods: We performed a case-control study including 851 individuals, 421 of them affected with childhood-onset asthma and 430 ethnically matched unaffected subjects. We used the TaqMan Allelic Discrimination Assay to genotype 20 single-nucleotide polymorphisms within IL5, RAD50, IL13, IL4, CD14, SPINK5, HTR4, ADRB2, and IL12B. Results: Although no association was detected for any risk allele, three SPINK5 haplotypes (GGCT: p= 6 x 10(-6); AATC: p= 0.0001; AGTT: p= 0.0001) and five ADRB2 haplotypes (AGGACC: p=0.0014; AGGAAG: p=0.0002; TGAGAG: p=0.0001; AGGAAC: p=0.0002; AAGGAG: p=0.003) were associated with asthma. Notably, the AGTT SPINK5 haplotype exhibited a male gender-dependent association (p=7.6 x 10(-5)). Conclusion: Our results suggest that SPINK5 and ADRB2 haplotypes might play a role in the susceptibility to childhood-onset asthma.
PMID: 25233048 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
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Medical History, Lifestyle, Family History, and Occupational Risk Factors for Marginal Zone Lymphoma: The InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project.
J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2014 Aug;2014(48):52-65
Authors: Bracci PM, Benavente Y, Turner JJ, Paltiel O, Slager SL, Vajdic CM, Norman AD, Cerhan JR, Chiu BC, Becker N, Cocco P, Dogan A, Nieters A, Holly EA, Kane EV, Smedby KE, Maynadié M, Spinelli JJ, Roman E, Glimelius B, Wang SS, Sampson JN, Morton LM, de Sanjosé S
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), comprised of nodal, extranodal, and splenic subtypes, accounts for 5%-10% of non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases. A detailed evaluation of the independent effects of risk factors for MZL and its subtypes has not been conducted.
METHODS: Data were pooled from 1052 MZL cases (extranodal [EMZL] = 633, nodal [NMZL] = 157, splenic [SMZL] = 140) and 13766 controls from 12 case-control studies. Adjusted unconditional logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: Novel findings for MZL subtypes include increased risk for B-cell activating autoimmune conditions (EMZL OR = 6.40, 95% CI = 4.24 to 9.68; NMZL OR = 7.80, 95% CI = 3.32 to 18.33; SMZL OR = 4.25, 95% CI = 1.49 to 12.14), hepatitis C virus seropositivity (EMZL OR = 5.29, 95% CI = 2.48 to 11.28), self-reported peptic ulcers (EMZL OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.35 to 2.49), asthma without other atopy (SMZL OR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.23 to 4.23), family history of hematologic cancer (EMZL OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.37 to 2.62) and of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NMZL OR = 2.82, 95% CI = 1.33 to 5.98), permanent hairdye use (SMZL OR = 6.59, 95% CI = 1.54 to 28.17), and occupation as a metalworker (NMZL OR = 3.56, 95% CI = 1.67 to 7.58). Reduced risks were observed with consumption of any alcohol (EMZL fourth quartile OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.28 to 0.82) and lower consumption of wine (NMZL first to third quartile ORs < 0.45) compared with nondrinkers, and occupation as a teacher (EMZL OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.37 to 0.88).
CONCLUSION: Our results provide new data suggesting etiologic heterogeneity across MZL subtypes although a common risk of MZL associated with B-cell activating autoimmune conditions was found.
PMID: 25174026 [PubMed – in process]
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Pest allergens, asthma association influenced by various factors
Healio Poverty, race and asthma medications influenced the association between pest allergens and asthma impairment, according to research presented at Pediatric Academic Societies Annual Meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia. “Mouse and cockroach are … |
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Factors associated with relapse after treatment for asthma attack
AAP News (subscription) Patients who use a short-acting beta2-agonist within six hours of going to the ED for an asthma attack should be examined carefully because the medication may improve the physical exam and pulmonary function tests, according to a recent study. Children … |
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Factors associated with asthma among under-fives in Mulago hospital, Kampala …
BMC Pediatrics Asthma is the most common chronic childhood illness, with rapidly increasing prevalence in low-income countries. Among young children, asthma is often under-diagnosed. We investigated the factors associated with asthma among under-fives presenting … |
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New report highlights factors that contribute to asthma – from News-Medical.Net
News-Medical.net There is still no cure for asthma, so for 22 million people in the U.S., this chronic disease continues to be a daily burden no matter where they live. But it's not just air pollution they should be worried about. Factors such as pollen, secondhand … |
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Geographic Factors Can Cause Allergies, Asthma: People Living Close to the …
Science Daily (press release) "Allergies and asthma are serious diseases that can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated properly," said allergist Richard Weber, MD, ACAAI president. "Both conditions can be more than bothersome for people, no matter their geographic … Living Near Equator May Boost Your Risk for Allergy, Asthma Allergies and Asthma More Common Closer to the Equator Geographic Location Increases Risk of Developing Allergy and Asthma |
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