Tag: Inflammatory

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Ponciretin attenuates ethanol-induced gastric damage in mice by inhibiting inflammatory responses.

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Ponciretin attenuates ethanol-induced gastric damage in mice by inhibiting inflammatory responses.

Int Immunopharmacol. 2016 Dec 22;43:179-186

Authors: Kang GD, Kim DH

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Poncirin (PO) and isosakuranetin (or ponciretin [PT]) are compounds found in fruits of the genus Citrus. They are frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of inflammation and asthma. Therefore, we examined their anti-gastritis effects in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS: The anti-inflammatory effects of PO and PT were examined using ethanol- or LPS-stimulated KATO III cells. Gastritis was induced in ICR mice via intragastric injection of absolute ethanol. Levels of inflammatory markers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS: Treatment with PT or PO inhibited the secretion of interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in ethanol- or LPS-stimulated KATO III cells. They also reduced the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B). Pre-treatment with PT or PO significantly protected against ethanol-induced hemorrhagic gastritis, characterized by edema, tissue erosions, and mucosal friability in mice. Treatment with PT or PO suppressed ethanol-induced NF-?B activation and the release of TNF, IL-8, and IFN-?. The protective effect of PT was greater than that of PO and comparable to ranitidine, a positive control.
CONCLUSION: PT may attenuate ethanol-induced gastritis by inhibiting the infiltration of immune cells, including neutrophils, via the regulation of CXCL4 (or IL-8) secretion and the activation NF-?B.

PMID: 28013186 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Allergic Sensitization at School Age is a Systemic Low-grade Inflammatory Disorder.

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Allergic Sensitization at School Age is a Systemic Low-grade Inflammatory Disorder.

Allergy. 2016 Dec 19;:

Authors: Chawes BL, Stokholm J, Schoos AM, Rahman N, Brix S, Bisgaard H

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Systemic low-grade inflammation has been demonstrated in a range of the frequent noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) proposing a shared mechanism, but is largely unexplored in relation to allergic sensitization. We therefore aimed to investigate the possible association with childhood allergic sensitization.
METHODS: High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-1? (IL-1?), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8) were measured in plasma at age 6mo (N=214) and 7yrs (N=277) in children from the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood2000 (COPSAC2000 ) birth cohort. Allergic sensitization against common inhalant and food allergens was determined longitudinally at age ½, 1½, 4 and 6yrs by specific-IgE assessments and skin prick tests. Associations between inflammatory biomarkers and sensitization phenotypes were tested with logistic regression and principle component analyses (PCA).
RESULTS: Adjusted for gender, recent infections and a CRP genetic risk-score, hs-CRP at 7yrs was associated with concurrent elevated specific-IgE against any allergen (adjusted OR (aOR) =1.40; 95% CI, 1.14-1.72; p=0.001), aeroallergens (aOR, 1.43; 1.15-1.77; p=0.001), food allergens (aOR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.02-1.67; p=0.04), sensitization without any clinical allergy symptoms (aOR=1.40; 1.06-1.85; p=0.02), and with similar findings for skin prick tests. The other inflammatory markers were not univariantly associated with sensitization, but multi-parametric PCA suggested a specific inflammatory response among sensitized children. Inflammatory markers at age 6mo were not associated with subsequent development of sensitization phenotypes.
CONCLUSIONS: Elevated hs-CRP is associated with allergic sensitization in school-aged children suggesting systemic low-grade inflammation as a phenotypic characteristic of this early onset NCD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 27992959 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Potential Target for Severe Asthma, Other Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Identified – Lung Disease News


Lung Disease News

Potential Target for Severe Asthma, Other Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Identified
Lung Disease News
From previous research it was known that Dkk-1, a protein produced by platelets (blood cells responsible for clotting), inhibits tissue repair, a feature that is common in chronic inflammatory disorders such as asthma, autoimmune diseases and cancer …

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Study identifies new target for severe asthma, chronic inflammatory diseases – Medical Xpress


Medical Xpress

Study identifies new target for severe asthma, chronic inflammatory diseases
Medical Xpress
Chronic inflammation is commonly found in asthma, autoimmune diseases, cancer, and viral infections, and it's characterized by constant activation of platelets with unhealed tissue damage. Scientists who have studied the Dkk-1 protein were aware that …

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Anti-inflammatory activity of IL-37 in asthmatic children: Correlation with inflammatory cytokines TNF-?, IL-?, IL-6 and IL-17A.

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Anti-inflammatory activity of IL-37 in asthmatic children: Correlation with inflammatory cytokines TNF-?, IL-?, IL-6 and IL-17A.

Immunobiology. 2015 Sep 8;

Authors: Charrad R, Berraïes A, Hamdi B, Ammar J, Hamzaoui K, Hamzaoui A

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess interleukin (IL)-37 production in asthmatic children in serum and induced sputum and to look to the impact of IL-37 on pro-inflammatory cytokines production (TNF-?, IL-6, IL-1? and IL-17).
METHODS: Forty children with well-controlled asthma (20 moderate and 20 mild asthmatics) were studied. IL-37 was measured by ELISA in serum and induced sputum (IS) samples, and compared with 22 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine IL-37 mRNA expression in induced sputum cells. Induced sputum mononuclear cells from 10 moderate asthmatics and 10 healthy controls were stimulated either with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or LPS plus recombinant IL-37 (rIL-37) comparing pro-inflammatory cytokines production. TNF-?, IL-1?, IL-6 and IL-17 were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA.
FINDINGS: The expression of IL-37 mRNA in asthmatic patients was significantly lower than that observed in healthy controls (P=0.0001). IL37 mRNA expression depended on asthma severity. Serum and IS IL-37 levels were significantly lower in asthma patients compared to healthy controls. LPS-stimulated sputum cells from asthma patients produced higher levels of IL-1?, IL-6, and TNF-? than those from HC. Adding rIL-37 suppressed TNF-?, IL-1? and IL-6 production in IS cells. In the same way, stimulating IS CD4(+) T cells in the presence of rIL-37 inhibited IL-17 production both in asthma patients and HC. IL-37 effect on IL-17 was more pronounced in patients than controls.
INTERPRETATION: The decrease in IL-37 level observed in IS was found to correlate with disease severity. The increased pro-inflammatory cytokines production from asthma IS cells was abrogated by the addition of rIL-37. IL-37 could be an important cytokine in the control of asthma by suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokines.

PMID: 26454413 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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COPD, Asthma May Up Risk for Inflammatory Bowel Disease – Medscape


IBD News Today

COPD, Asthma May Up Risk for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Medscape
Rates of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidence are significantly increased in people with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to findings of a population-based study published online November 19 in the European …
COPD, Asthma Patients More At Risk To Develop IBDIBD News Today

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