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Early-life air pollution linked with childhood asthma in minorities, in study
Science Codex A research team led by UCSF scientists has found that exposure in infancy to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a component of motor vehicle air pollution, is strongly linked with later development of childhood asthma among African Americans and Latinos. |
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Science Codex |
Study links air pollution to childhood asthma in minorities
Los Angeles Times Researchers are also studying whether the pollutants actually cause childhood asthma. "This work adds to the growing body of evidence that traffic-related pollutants may be causally related to childhood asthma," said Esteban G. Burchard, a UCSF … Early-Life Air Pollution Linked With Childhood Asthma in Minorities |
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Phytochemical study guided by the myorelaxant activity of the crude extract, fractions and constituent from stem bark of Hymenaea courbaril L.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Jun 10;
Authors: Bezerra GD, Góis RW, Brito TS, Lima FJ, Bandeira MA, Rodrigues Romero N, Magalhães PJ, Santiago GM
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Hymenaea courbaril L. (Caesalpinoideae) is used in Brazilian folk medicine to treat anemia, kidney problems, sore throat and other dysfunctions of the respiratory system, such as bronchitis and asthma, although such properties are yet to be scientifically validated. AIM OF THE STUDY: In order to give a scientific basis to support the traditional use of Hymenaea courbaril, this study was designed to evaluate antioxidant, myorelaxant and anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanol extract from stem bark and its fractions. The myorelaxant effect of astilbin, a flavonoid isolated from the bioactive ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), has also been evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study ethanol extract from stem bark (EEHC) and fractions were analyzed using bioassay-guided fractionation. The following activities were investigated: antioxidant by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, myorelaxant on rat tracheal smooth muscle, and anti-inflammatory using ovalbumin-induced leukocytosis and airway hyperresponsiveness in rats. RESULTS: The results of the present investigation show that the whole extract of H. courbaril and some of its fractions strongly scavenged DPPH radical. The extract showed myorelaxant activity on rat trachea, being EAF its highest efficient fraction. Bio-guided study allowed the isolation of astilbin, a well-known flavonoid. The activity induced by this compound indicates that it may be partly responsible for the myorelaxant effect of EAF. EAF reduced contractions that depended on divalent cation inflow through voltage-operated Ca(2+) channels (VOCCs) or receptor-operated Ca(2+) channels (ROCCs), but it was more potent to inhibit VOCC- than ROCC-dependent contraction induced by Ca(2+) addition in ACh-enriched Ca(2+-)free medium. Oral pretreatment of antigen-challenged animals with EAF prevented airway hyperresponsiveness on KCl-induced contraction and reduced the number of total white cells, particularly eosinophils and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage. CONCLUSIONS: This study provided scientific basis that H. courbaril presents potential antioxidant, myorelaxant and anti-inflammatory actions, which support its use in folk medicine to treat inflammatory airway diseases.
PMID: 23764737 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
View full post on pubmed: asthma
Condition: Asthma
Interventions: Drug: lebrikizumab; Drug: lebrikizumab; Drug: placebo
Sponsors: Hoffmann-La Roche; Hoffmann-La Roche
Not yet recruiting – verified June 2013
View full post on ClinicalTrials.gov: asthma | received in the last 14 days
Asian Scientist Magazine |
Kids With Asthma Stigmatized In India, Study
Asian Scientist Magazine AsianScientist (Jun. 10, 2013) – Considerable stigma is still attached to asthma, which is thought to be on the rise in India, says a new study. Children with asthma in India are being prevented from receiving effective treatment by a range of widely … |
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Teachers fail asthma test: Study
Times of India CHANDIGARH: At a time when studies have found that 4% to 19% of school-going children in India suffer from asthma, school teachers are reportedly ignorant of how to administer metered dose inhalers (MDI) — asthma puffs – in kids if they suffer from an … |
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Condition: Asthma
Interventions: Drug: lebrikizumab; Drug: lebrikizumab; Drug: placebo
Sponsors: Hoffmann-La Roche; Hoffmann-La Roche
Not yet recruiting – verified May 2013
View full post on ClinicalTrials.gov: asthma | received in the last 14 days
Condition: Asthma
Intervention: Biological: RV16UB
Sponsors: Merck; Merck; U-BIOPRED Consortium
Not yet recruiting – verified May 2013
View full post on ClinicalTrials.gov: asthma | received in the last 14 days
Condition: Asthma
Interventions: Drug: Montelukast 5 mg chewable tablets; Drug: Montelukast 5 mg chewable tablets
Sponsors: GlaxoSmithKline; GlaxoSmithKline
Completed – verified May 2013
View full post on ClinicalTrials.gov: asthma | received in the last 14 days
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IU study: Unique omega-3 source effective at reducing exercise-induced asthma …
Science Codex In exercise-induced asthma, vigorous exercise triggers an acute narrowing of the airway afterward, making breathing difficult. Other symptoms include coughing, tightening of the chest and excessive fatigue. About 90 percent of people with asthma have … |
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