Th1/Th2 Archives - World Asthma Foundation

Th1/Th2 Immune Balance and Other T Helper Subsets in IgG4-Related Disease.

Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2016 Oct 16;

Authors: Moriyama M, Nakamura S

Abstract
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic disease characterized by elevated serum IgG4 levels and a strong infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in various organs. IgG4-RD patients also frequently suffer from allergic diseases, including asthma and atopic dermatitis. It is well known that T helper type 2 (Th2) cells have an important role in the initiation of allergic diseases, and Th2 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 promote class switching to IgG4. Therefore, IgG4-RD is considered to be a Th2-predominant disease. However, other Th subsets, including regulatory T cells and T follicular helper cells, have recently received increasing attention with regard to the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD. Exploring the interconnected network of Th subsets in IgG4-RD is a highly promising field of investigation. In this review, we focus on the localization and functions of individual Th subsets to clarify the involvement of these cells in the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD.

PMID: 27744510 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Th1/Th2 cytokine pattern in Arab children with severe asthma.

Int J Clin Exp Med. 2014;7(8):2286-91

Authors: Al-Daghri NM, Alokail MS, Draz HM, Abd-Alrahman SH, Yakout SM, Clerici M

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bronchial Asthma has recently emerged as one of the most prevalent diseases in Arab countries. Environmental and geographical influences were shown to be the reasons of the variations in the rates of prevalence; no analyses have nevertheless yet been performed on the immunologic background associated with this condition in Arabic children.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the cytokine production from T cells in children with and without asthma, and to determine the role of the most related cytokine patterns in childhood asthma.
METHODS: A total of 195 Saudis children (98 asthma pediatric patients and 97 healthy controls) were randomly selected from the Riyadh Cohort Study for inclusion. Asthma was based on established pediatric diagnosis and medications taken.
RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between the two groups, thus, GMCSF, INF-?, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8 and IgG-3 were reduced in patients compared to controls; in these same patients IgE, resistin, IL-4 and IgG-4 were significantly increased. In contrast with these results no differences between patients and controls were seen in CRP, TNF-?, IL-1, IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, IL-13, IgG-1, IgG-2, IgG-A and IgG-M. Result of a principal component analysis suggested that IL4. INF-? and IgE are major players in the pathogenesis of asthma in Arabic children.
CONCLUSION: These are the first data obtained in asthmatic children in Saudi; data herein confirm that this disease is associated with a profound degree of immune impairment independently of the peculiar genetic of the analyzed individuals, and of the environmental conditions that are present in this part of the world.

PMID: 25232422 [PubMed]

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