Invited Commentary: Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Allergies: Biology or Bias?

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Invited Commentary: Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Allergies: Biology or Bias?

Am J Epidemiol. 2012 Nov 20;

Authors: Linabery AM, Spector LG

Abstract
Previous epidemiologic studies have shown an inverse association between a personal history of atopy/allergies, both overall and among asthma, eczema, and hay fever investigated separately, and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with some consistency; however, in most of these studies, exposure data were collected by maternal interview. Now, in a population-based and records-based study in this issue of the Journal (Am J Epidemiol. 2012;000(0):000-000), Chang et al. report an increased risk for allergic conditions across different etiologic time periods, calling the former paradigm into doubt. A review of the basic biology literature shows that proposed mechanisms support either a positive or an inverse association. In light of this ambiguity, it is epidemiology’s turn to determine the direction of association.

PMID: 23171875 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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High Risk of Undiagnosed Asthma and COPD in Patients with Acute Cough – Science Codex

High Risk of Undiagnosed Asthma and COPD in Patients with Acute Cough
Science Codex
In a 12-country study, approximately one-fifth of adult patients without an established diagnosis of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease consulting their family physician for acute cough showed subsequent airway obstruction or
Asthma Foundation and Quitline say "It's not too late to quit"Voxy

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Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of salbutamol on acute and chronic models of inflammation in rats: involvement of an antioxidant mechanism.

Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of salbutamol on acute and chronic models of inflammation in rats: involvement of an antioxidant mechanism.

Mediators Inflamm. 2012;2012:438912

Authors: Uzkeser H, Cadirci E, Halici Z, Odabasoglu F, Polat B, Yuksel TN, Ozaltin S, Atalay F

Abstract
The possible role of ?-2 adrenergic receptors in modulation of inflammatory and nociceptive conditions suggests that the ?-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, salbutamol, may have beneficial anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Therefore, in this study, we induced inflammatory and nociceptive responses with carrageenan-induced paw edema or cotton-pellet-induced granuloma models, both of which result in oxidative stress. We hypothesized that salbutamol would prevent inflammatory and nociceptive responses by stimulating ?-2 adrenergic receptors and the prevention of generation of ROS during the acute inflammation process in rats. Both doses of salbutamol used in the study (1 and 2?mg/kg) effectively blocked the acute inflammation and inflammatory nociception induced by carrageenan. In the cotton-pellet-induced granuloma test, both doses of salbutamol also significantly decreased the weight of granuloma tissue on the cotton pellets when compared to the control. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of salbutamol were found to be comparable with those of indomethacin. Salbutamol decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and lipid peroxidation (LPO) level and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and level of glutathione (GSH) during the acute phase of inflammation. In conclusion, salbutamol can decrease acute and chronic inflammation, possibly through the stimulation of ?-2 adrenergic receptors. This anti-inflammatory effect may be of significance in asthma treatment, where inflammation also takes part in the etiopathology. This study reveals that salbutamol has significant antioxidative effects, which at least partially explain its anti-inflammatory capabilities. These findings presented here may also shed light on the roles of ?-2 adrenergic receptors in inflammatory and hyperalgesic conditions.

PMID: 22665951 [PubMed – in process]

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Rigel Advances Asthma Programs: Two Inhaled Drug Candidates Take Aim at Acute … – Sacramento Bee

Rigel Advances Asthma Programs: Two Inhaled Drug Candidates Take Aim at Acute
Sacramento Bee
One of these agents, R343, an inhaled SYK inhibitor, will be entering a Phase 2 clinical study later this summer in mild to moderate asthmatic patients. The other, R256, an inhaled IL13 signaling/JAK inhibitor, is potentially useful in controlling
Rigel moving asthma drug into mid-stage trialBizjournals.com (blog)

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Rigel Advances Asthma Programs: Two Inhaled Drug Candidates Take Aim at Acute … – MarketWatch (press release)

Rigel Advances Asthma Programs: Two Inhaled Drug Candidates Take Aim at Acute
MarketWatch (press release)
SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, Calif., May 16, 2012 /PRNewswire via COMTEX/ — Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., (NASDAQ:RIGL) is expanding its respiratory franchise by focusing on two innovative, comprehensive treatment alternatives for patients with asthma.

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National Asthma Awareness Month: What’s Next in the Treatment of Acute Asthma? – Newswise (press release)

National Asthma Awareness Month: What's Next in the Treatment of Acute Asthma?
Newswise (press release)
Newswise — May is National Asthma Awareness Month, an appropriate time to ponder an illness that affects nearly 25 million Americans and one in every 10 children in the US Although current treatments adequately address the majority of asthma attacks,

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Asthma Affects 1 in 12 of the Population in the UK

A new study will shed light on late phase of asthma attacks

Press reports by the Imperial College London reflect that Asthma affects 1 in 12 of the population in the UK, with 5.4 million people currently receiving treatment. The UK has the highest prevalence of asthma in young adults in Europe and the numbers of children reporting asthma symptoms has risen six fold over the last 30.

A new grant from the Medical Research Council and GlaxoSmithKline will enable researchers to investigate mechanisms of potentially life-threatening asthma attacks. Research into acute asthma attacks boosted with £4m award

The grant, to the MRC-Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma at Imperial College London and King’s College London, will enable researchers to investigate how acute asthma attacks, which can be life-threatening and are often resistant to the few available treatments, are linked to allergy and viral infection. Professor Sebastian Johnston of Imperial College London and Dr Roberto Solari of GSK will lead three teams of scientists at Imperial, King’s and GSK to explore novel mechanisms of disease and identify potential targets for the development of new treatments.

Professor Johnston, Director of the MRC-Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma at Imperial, said: ”This is a wonderful opportunity to combine the unique clinical models we have developed at Imperial with truly cutting edge science at King’s and drug discovery expertise at GSK, into a new alliance to boost efforts to develop new therapies for this huge unmet medical need”

Professor Stephen Holgate, Chair of the MRC Population and Systems Medicine Board said: “The human immune system provides vital protection from a vast array of diseases, but in some cases – such as asthma and allergy – it can be our worst enemy. This important investment by the MRC and GSK will help to advance our understanding of how these conditions interact at a molecular level, which we hope will inform new, effective and targeted therapies that make a real difference to patients.”

Roberto Solari, from GlaxoSmithKline Respiratory Drug Discovery, said: “GSK has a strong heritage of over 40 years experience in respiratory research and medicines. This is an exciting partnership for GSK to be involved in, examining state of the art science and bringing together experts in the field of asthma research. Gaining further understanding of the role viral infections might have in the development of allergic asthma could offer potential to unlock science that will help to develop future treatments and improve the lives of patients.”

Dr Samantha Walker, Executive Director of Research and Policy at Asthma UK, said: “This programme of research will be vital in exploring potential new treatments for asthma, a condition that still kills over 1,000 people every year in the UK. Despite the fact that asthma affects around 5.4 million people, research into asthma is under-resourced and so this funding is a huge boost. We hope the programme will lead to the discovery of new, life-changing treatments, particularly for the thousands of people whose asthma is resistant to current medicines.”

The MRC-Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma was established in 2006 to unite two hubs of asthma research expertise at King’s and Imperial into a single, world-leading Centre.

Girl found her teenage sister dead on floor after acute asthma attack – Evening Standard


Evening Standard

Girl found her teenage sister dead on floor after acute asthma attack
Evening Standard
At an inquest yesterday, family GP Bernard Ogoe said there were concerns she had not been using her inhalers properly since she was diagnosed with asthma in February 2003. Savanna, 11, told how she found her sister lying on the floor with a pillow over

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