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Vitamin D supplementation may reduce exacerbation of childhood asthma
Healio “Randomized controlled trials provide some low-quality evidence to support vitamin D supplementation for the reduction of asthma exacerbations,” Riverin and colleagues wrote. “Evidence on the benefits of vitamin D supplementation for other asthma … |
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NutraIngredients.com |
Vitamin D cuts asthma exacerbation by 74% in children: Review
NutraIngredients.com "Our findings indicate a lack of evidence supporting the routine use of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of ARI in healthy children; however, they suggest that such supplementation may benefit children previously diagnosed with asthma." … |
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Condition: Bronchial Asthma
Interventions: Drug: Intravenous magnesium sulfate; Drug: Inhaled budesonide; Drug: normal saline
Sponsor: Hamad Medical Corporation
Recruiting – verified May 2015
View full post on ClinicalTrials.gov: asthma | received in the last 14 days
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Is Secondhand Smoke Exposure Associated With Increased Exacerbation Severity Among Children Hospitalized for Asthma?
Hosp Pediatr. 2015 May;5(5):249-255
Authors: Andrews AL, Shirley N, Ojukwu E, Robinson M, Torok M, Wilson KM
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and length of stay (LOS) and other exacerbation severity indicators in children hospitalized for asthma.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review at 2 children’s hospitals. Patients aged 2 to 18 hospitalized for asthma in 2012 were included. Outcome variables included LOS, PICU, magnesium, and intravenous (IV) steroids. Bivariate analysis determined differences between SHS-exposed and non-SHS-exposed groups. Geometric means were used for LOS to account for skewed distribution. Logistic and zero-truncated negative binomial regression models were used to determine the independent association between SHS exposure and hospitalization severity indicators.
RESULTS: A total of 623 patients were included; 41% reported SHS exposure. Mean LOS was 47.5 hours. In the SHS-exposed group, LOS was 50.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 46.7-54.0) and in the nonexposed group it was 45.8 (95% CI 43.4-48.4) (P = .02). In regression analysis, institution modified the effect of SHS exposure on LOS. At Children’s Hospital Colorado, SHS exposure was associated with a 20% increase in LOS (incidence rate ratio 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.3). At the Medical University of South Carolina, there was no significant association. SHS-exposed patients were more likely to receive IV steroids (odds ratio 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.3) CONCLUSIONS: Among children hospitalized for asthma, we identified a significant association at 1 institution between SHS exposure and LOS and found that IV steroid use was significantly associated with LOS at both institutions. Eliminating SHS exposure among children with asthma is important.
PMID: 25934808 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
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STAT1 Attenuates Murine Allergen-Induced Airway Remodeling and Exacerbation by Carbon Nanotubes.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2015 Mar 25;
Authors: Thompson EA, Sayers BC, Glista-Baker EE, Shipkowski KA, Ihrie MD, Duke KS, Taylor AJ, Bonner JC
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by a T-helper 2 (Th2) phenotype and by chronic allergen-induced airway inflammation (AAI). Environmental exposure to air pollution ultrafine particles (i.e., nanoparticles) exacerbates AAI and a concern is possible exacerbation posed by engineered nanoparticles generated by emerging nanotechnologies. STAT1 is a transcription factor that maintains Th1 cell development. However, the role of STAT1 in regulating AAI or exacerbation by nanoparticles has not been explored. In this study, mice with whole body knock-out of the Stat1 gene (Stat1-/-) or wild type (WT) mice were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) allergen and then exposed to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by oropharygneal aspiration. In Stat1-/- and WT mice, OVA increased eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), while MWCNTs increased neutrophils. Interestingly, OVA sensitization prevented MWCNT-induced neutrophilia and caused only eosinophilic inflammation. Stat1-/- mice displayed increased IL-13 in BALF 1 day compared to WT mice after treatment with OVA or OVA and MWCNT. At 21 days the lungs of OVA-sensitized Stat1-/- mice displayed increased eosinophilia, goblet cell hyperplasia, airway fibrosis, and subepithelial apoptosis. MWCNTs further increased OVA-induced goblet cell hyperplasia, airway fibrosis, and apoptosis in Stat1-/- mice at 21 days. These changes corresponded to increased levels of pro-fibrogenic mediators (TGF-?1, TNF-?, OPN) but decreased IL-10 in Stat1-/- mice. Finally, fibroblasts isolated from the lungs of Stat1-/- mice produced significantly more collagen mRNA and protein in response to TGF-?1 compared to WT lung fibroblasts. Our results support a protective role for STAT1 in chronic AAI and exacerbation of remodeling caused by MWCNTs.
PMID: 25807359 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
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Investigational Asthma Treatment Cuts Exacerbation Rates in Half
Pharmacy Times (registration) The study compared the anti-interleukin-5 (IL-5) monoclonal antibody, reslizumab, with placebo in 953 patients with both asthma and elevated blood eosinophil levels. The research team found that patients treated with reslizumab in the first study … |
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Vitamin D deficiency ups odds of asthma exacerbation
Medical Xpress Ronit Confino-Cohen, M.D., from the Meir Medical Center in Kfar Saba, Israel, and colleagues examined the correlations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level and asthma in a cohort of Israeli adults aged 22 to 50 years. Participants with … |
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Exacerbation of asthma and airway infection: is the virus the villain?
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2014 Sep 24;
Authors: Costa LD, Costa PS, Camargos PA
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: to review the available literature on the association between acute viral respiratory tract infection and the onset of asthma exacerbations, identifying the most prevalent viruses, detection methods, as well as preventive and therapeutic aspects.
DATA SOURCE: a search was conducted in PubMed, Lilacs, and SciELO databases, between the years 2002 and 2013, using the following descriptors: asthma exacerbation, virus, child, and acute respiratory infection.
DATA SYNTHESIS: a total of 42 original articles addressing the identification of respiratory viruses during episodes of asthma exacerbation were selected, mostly cross-sectional studies. There was a wide variation in the methodology of the assessed studies, particularly in relation to the children’s age and methods of collection and viral detection. The results indicate that, in up to 92.2% of exacerbations, a viral agent was potentially the main triggering factor, and human rhinovirus was the most frequently identified factor. The pattern of viral circulation may have been responsible for the seasonality of exacerbations. The association between viral infections and allergic inflammation appears to be crucial for the clinical and functional uncontrolled asthma, but few studies have evaluated other triggering factors in association with viral infection.
CONCLUSIONS: respiratory viruses are present in the majority of asthmatic children during episodes of exacerbation. The involved physiopathological mechanisms are yet to be fully established, and the synergism between allergic inflammation and viral infection appears to determine uncontrolled disease. The role of other triggering and protective agents is yet to be clearly determined.
PMID: 25261603 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
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Elevated eosinophil levels increased risk for asthma exacerbation
Healio Adults with persistent asthma who had elevated eosinophil levels were at increased risk for exacerbations, according to research presented at the 2014 American Thoracic Society International Conference in San Diego. “Eosinophils are known to be … Elevated blood eosinophil levels find to be risk factor for exacerbations in … Eosinophils linked to worsening asthma |
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Asthma exacerbation treatment adherence needs improvement
Healio Efforts must be improved to provide consistent and optimal care for asthma exacerbations based on validated treatment recommendations, according to recent study findings published in Clinical Pediatrics. Michael Glenn O'Connor, MD, of Vanderbilt … |
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