Tag: Mice

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Ponciretin attenuates ethanol-induced gastric damage in mice by inhibiting inflammatory responses.

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Ponciretin attenuates ethanol-induced gastric damage in mice by inhibiting inflammatory responses.

Int Immunopharmacol. 2016 Dec 22;43:179-186

Authors: Kang GD, Kim DH

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Poncirin (PO) and isosakuranetin (or ponciretin [PT]) are compounds found in fruits of the genus Citrus. They are frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of inflammation and asthma. Therefore, we examined their anti-gastritis effects in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS: The anti-inflammatory effects of PO and PT were examined using ethanol- or LPS-stimulated KATO III cells. Gastritis was induced in ICR mice via intragastric injection of absolute ethanol. Levels of inflammatory markers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS: Treatment with PT or PO inhibited the secretion of interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in ethanol- or LPS-stimulated KATO III cells. They also reduced the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B). Pre-treatment with PT or PO significantly protected against ethanol-induced hemorrhagic gastritis, characterized by edema, tissue erosions, and mucosal friability in mice. Treatment with PT or PO suppressed ethanol-induced NF-?B activation and the release of TNF, IL-8, and IFN-?. The protective effect of PT was greater than that of PO and comparable to ranitidine, a positive control.
CONCLUSION: PT may attenuate ethanol-induced gastritis by inhibiting the infiltration of immune cells, including neutrophils, via the regulation of CXCL4 (or IL-8) secretion and the activation NF-?B.

PMID: 28013186 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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[Lipid derivative of benzylidene malononitrile AG490 attenuates airway inflammation of mice with neutrophilic asthma].

[Lipid derivative of benzylidene malononitrile AG490 attenuates airway inflammation of mice with neutrophilic asthma].

Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2016 Jun;32(6):730-733

Authors: Zhang M, Nong G, Jiang M, Zhan W

Abstract
Objective To observe the effect of lipid derivative of benzylidene malononitrile AG490 on the airway inflammation in a mouse model of neutrophilic asthma (NA). Methods Fifty-four specific pathogen-free (SPF) female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: NA group, AG490-treated NA (NAAG) group, and normal control (NC) group, 18 mice in each group. The NA group and the NAAG group were sensitized by airway instillation of ovalbumin (OVA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on day 0, 6 and 13. The NAAG group was injected with AG490 (500 ?g/mouse, i.p.) three times a week, from day 0 after the first sensitization, for 3 weeks. Mice were challenged on day 21, 22 for 1 hour/time with an aerosol of 10 g/L OVA. At 24 hours after the final challenge, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected. The total number and differential counts of nucleated cells and the percentage of each type were determined. HE staining and PAS staining was employed for observing the lung pathological changes. The percentages of Th17 cells and regulatory T cells (Treg) in the lung issue were determined by flow cytometry. The level of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in BALF was measured using ELISA. Results Compared with the NA group, the total number of nucleated cells, the percentage of neutrophils and the percentage of eosinophils in BALF in the NAAG group were obviously reduced; lung tissue pathologic changes were improved in the NAAG group; goblet cell hyperplasia and the level of IL-17 in BALF in the NAAG group were significantly down-regulated; the proportion of Treg in the lung increased and the proportion of Th17 cells in the lung decreased in the NAAG group. Conclusion After NA mice are treated with AG490 during the sensitization phase, the proportion of Treg in the lung would increase and the proportion of Th17 cells in the lung would decrease. AG490 could attenuate the airway inflammation in the mouse model of NA.

PMID: 27371836 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Asthma drug reverses aging in the brain of mice – ZME Science


ZME Science

Asthma drug reverses aging in the brain of mice
ZME Science
Working with mice, the researchers gave some of the elderly rodents a common drug called Montelukast that's used to treat asthma in children. To everyone surprise, the old rats started growing new brain cells and performed almost as well as the young …
Asthma drug could rejuvenate ageing brains, study suggestsThe Guardian
Asthma drug found to rejuvenate older rat brainsMedical Xpress
Old rat brains rejuvenated and new neurons grown by asthma drugNew Scientist
Next Big Future –Daily Mail –City A.M.
all 10 news articles »

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Effect of different helminth extracts on the development of asthma in mice: the influence of early-life exposure and the role of IL-10 response.

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Effect of different helminth extracts on the development of asthma in mice: the influence of early-life exposure and the role of IL-10 response.

Exp Parasitol. 2015 Jun 17;

Authors: Pitrez PM, Gualdi LP, Barbosa GL, Sudbrack S, Ponzi D, Cao RG, Silva AC, Machado DC, Jones MH, Stein RT, Graeff-Teixeira C

Abstract
It is not currently clear whether different parasites have distinct effects on the airway inflammatory response in asthma and whether exposure in early life to helminths have a stronger impact in a potential inhibitory effect on asthma. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exposure to different helminth extracts on the development of allergic pulmonary response in mice, including early-life exposure. Different helminth extracts (Angiostrongylus costaricensis, Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Ascaris lumbricoides) were studied in female adult BALB/c and C57BL/6 IL-10-deficient mice in a protocol of murine asthma, injected intraperitoneally in different periods of exposure (early, pre-sensitization and post-sensitization). Cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) from lung tissue, cytokine levels from BAL/spleen cell cultures, and lung histology were analyzed. Airway cellular influx induced by OVA was significantly inhibited by extracts of A. cantonensis and A. lumbricoides. Extracts of A. lumbricoides and A. costaricensis led to a significant reduction of IL-5 in BAL (p<0.001). Only the exposure to A. lumbricoides led to an increased production of IL-10 in the lungs (p<0.001). In IL-10-deficient mice exposed to A. costaricensis pre-sensitization, eosinophil counts and IL-5 levels in BAL and EPO in lung tissue were significantly reduced. In the early exposure to A. cantonensis, lung inflammation was clearly inhibited. In conclusion, different helminth extracts inhibit allergic lung inflammation in mice. IL-10 may not play a central role in some helminth-host interactions. Early exposure to helminth extracts could be a potential strategy to explore primary prevention in asthma.

PMID: 26093162 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Paeoniflorin attenuates allergic inflammation in asthmatic mice.

Paeoniflorin attenuates allergic inflammation in asthmatic mice.

Int Immunopharmacol. 2014 Nov 26;

Authors: Sun J, Wu J, Xu C, Luo Q, Li B, Dong J

Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF), one of the major active ingredients of Chinese peony, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects. However, it has remained unclear whether PF treatment can inhibit allergic inflammation in asthma. In this study, we evaluated the effects of PF on pulmonary function and airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. The allergic asthma models were established in BALB/c mice. The mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin. Airway hyperresponsiveness was detected by direct airway resistance analysis. Lung tissues were examined for inflammatory cell infiltration. IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, and eotaxin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and their mRNA expression in lung tissue were examined by ELISA and realtime PCR, respectively. The total IgE level in serum was measured by ELISA. The protein expression of p-ERK and p-JNK was detected by western blot. Our data showed that PF oral administration significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness to aerosolized methacholine and decreased IL-5, IL-13, IL-17 and eotaxin levels in the BALF, and decreased IgE level in the serum. Histological studies showed that PF administration markedly decreased inflammatory infiltration. Similarly, treatment with PF significantly inhibited IL-5, IL-13, IL-17 and eotaxin mRNA expression in lung tissues. The protein expression levels of p-ERK and p-JNK were substantially decreased after oral administration of PF. In summary, PF displayed anti-inflammatory effects in the OVA-induced asthmatic model by decreasing the expression of IL-5, IL-13, IL-17 and eotaxin. These effects were mediated at least partially by inhibiting the activation of MAPK pathway.

PMID: 25433342 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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