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Mice Are Top Inner City Asthma Driver
MedPage Today Although cockroaches have long been considered the key driver of high asthma rates in inner cities, mouse allergens correlated better with asthma severity and outcomes, a study of Baltimore children showed. Whereas children in Baltimore with asthma … |
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Comparative proteomics of inhaled silver nanoparticles in healthy and allergen provoked mice.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2013;8:2783-99
Authors: Su CL, Chen TT, Chang CC, Chuang KJ, Wu CK, Liu WT, Ho KF, Lee KY, Ho SC, Tseng HE, Chuang HC, Cheng TJ
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been associated with the exacerbation of asthma; however, the immunological basis for the adjuvant effects of AgNPs is not well understood.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study reported here was to investigate the allergic effects of AgNP inhalation using proteomic approaches.
METHODS: Allergen provoked mice were exposed to 33 nm AgNPs at 3.3 mg/m(3). Following this, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma were collected to determine protein profiles.
RESULTS: In total, 106 and 79 AgNP-unique proteins were identified in the BALF of control and allergic mice, respectively. Additionally, 40 and 26 AgNP-unique proteins were found in the plasma of control and allergic mice, respectively. The BALF and plasma protein profiles suggested that metabolic, cellular, and immune system processes were associated with pulmonary exposure to AgNPs. In addition, we observed 18 proteins associated with systemic lupus erythematosus that were commonly expressed in both control and allergic mice after AgNP exposure. Significant allergy responses were observed after AgNP exposure in control and allergic mice, as determined by ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin E.
CONCLUSION: Inhaled AgNPs may regulate immune responses in the lungs of both control and allergic mice. Our results suggest that immunology is a vital response to AgNPs.
PMID: 23946650 [PubMed – in process]
View full post on pubmed: asthma
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[Effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma on proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells in mice with asthma].
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2013 Jul;15(7):583-7
Authors: Gu MX, Liu XC, Jiang L
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR?) agonist rosiglitazone on the expression of cyclin D1 in lung tissue, and the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in mice with bronchial asthma.
METHODS: Thirty clean BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group (n=10), asthma group (n=10), and rosiglitazone treatment group (n=10). A mouse model of asthma was established by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenge. The treatment group received rosiglitazone (5 mg/kg) by gavage 1 hour before each challenge and the control group received saline instead of OVA sensitization and challenge. Leukocytes and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were counted under a microscope. Airway structural changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Protein and mRNA expression levels of cyclin D1 were measured by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR. Perimeter of the basement membrane (Pbm), total bronchial wall area (WAt), airway smooth muscle area (WAm), and number of nuclei in ASMCs (N) were determined using image analysis software, and WAt/Pbm, WAm/Pbm, and N/Pbm were calculated.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the asthma group showed significant increases in the total number of leukocytes and percentage of eosinophils in BALF, as well as in the mRNA and protein expression of cyclin D1, but changes in these indices were significantly reduced in the rosiglitazone treatment group (P<0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, the asthma group had significantly increased WAt/Pbm, WAm/Pbm, and N/Pbm, but rosiglitazone significantly decreased these ratios (P<0.05).
CONCLISONS: Rosiglitazone may delay the process of airway remodeling by inhibiting the proliferation of ASMCs, so it can be used for preventing and treating chronic asthma.
PMID: 23866284 [PubMed – in process]
View full post on pubmed: asthma
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Asthma drug boosts cognition in Down syndrome mice
San Francisco Chronicle Stanford researchers have discovered that a drug approved for asthma helped improve cognitive function in mice with Down syndrome, a finding they hope could lead to additional treatments for people with this genetic disorder. The drug, called … |
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Bioscience Technology |
Asthma Meds Improve Cognition in Down Syndrome Mice
Bioscience Technology The drug, an asthma medication called formoterol, strengthened nerve connections in the hippocampus, a brain center used for spatial navigation, paying attention and forming new memories, the study says. It also improved contextual learning, in which … |
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Counsel & Heal |
Asthma medicine shows promise for Down syndrome in mice tests [Updated]
Los Angeles Times A federally approved drug already being inhaled by asthma patients may make mice with Down syndrome smarter, according to a new study. Researchers chose to test the widely manufactured bronchodilator, Formoterol, because it also acts on a brain … Using Asthma Medication, Scientists Improve Cognitive Function in Mouse … Asthma Meds May Boost Cognition in Down Syndrome Patients Drug improves cognitive function in mouse model of Down syndrome, study says |
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Asthma medicine shows promise for Down syndrome in mice tests
Los Angeles Times The dose was far above the quantity deemed safe for asthma use in humans. Before even considering human trials, researchers will have to reduce that dosage and see if its positive effects remain. Still, the path to prescription could be shorter because … Drug improves cognitive function in mouse model of Down syndrome, Stanford … |
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Homologous recombination into the eosinophil peroxidase locus generates a strain of mice expressing Cre recombinase exclusively in eosinophils.
J Leukoc Biol. 2013 Apr 29;
Authors: Doyle AD, Jacobsen EA, Ochkur SI, Willets L, Shim K, Neely J, Kloeber J, Lesuer WE, Pero RS, Lacy P, Moqbel R, Lee NA, Lee JJ
Abstract
Eosinophils are generally linked to innate host defense against helminths, as well as the pathologies associated with allergic diseases, such as asthma. Nonetheless, the activities of eosinophils remain poorly understood, which in turn, has prevented detailed definitions of their role(s) in health and disease. Homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells was used to insert a mammalianized Cre recombinase in the ORF encoding Epx. This knock-in strategy overcame previous inefficiencies associated with eosinophil-specific transgenic approaches and led to the development of a knock-in strain of mice (eoCRE), capable of mediating recombination of “floxed” reporter cassettes in >95% of peripheral blood eosinophils. We also showed that this Cre expression was limited exclusively to eosinophil-lineage committed cells with no evidence of Cre-mediated toxicity. The efficiency and specificity of Cre expression in eoCRE mice were demonstrated further in a cross with a knock-in mouse containing a “(flox-stop-flox)” DTA cassette at the ROSA26 locus, generating yet another novel, eosinophil-less strain of mice. The development of eoCRE mice represents a milestone in studies of eosinophil biology, permitting eosinophil-specific gene targeting and overexpression in the mouse as part of next-generation studies attempting to define eosinophil effector functions.
PMID: 23630390 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
View full post on pubmed: asthma
 Times of India |
Asthma drug reverses obesity and diabetes in mice, study finds
Milwaukee Journal Sentinel (blog) New research by scientists at the University of Michigan's Life Sciences Institute suggests an asthma drug called amlexanox may have another use: fighting obesity and diabetes. Writing in the journal Nature Medicine, researchers reported that tests in … Canker Sore Drug Lowers Weight In Mice Without Diet, Exercise |
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Asthma drug reverses obesity and diabetes in mice
Gizmag Researchers at the University of Michigan's Life Sciences Institute have found that amlexanox, an off-patent drug is used to treat asthma and canker sores, can also reduce obesity, diabetes and fatty liver disease in mice. The team led by Life Sciences … Old asthma drug may help reverse diabetes |
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