Tag: Obstructive

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A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Umeclidinium Bromide/Vilanterol Compared With Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol Over 12 Weeks in Subjects With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Condition:   Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
Interventions:   Drug: Umeclidinium bromide/Vilanterol;   Drug: Placebo ACCUHALER/DISKUS;   Drug: Fluticasone propionate/Salmeterol;   Drug: Placebo NDPI
Sponsors:   GlaxoSmithKline;   GlaxoSmithKline
Not yet recruiting – verified April 2013

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OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE AND EXPOSURE TO BURNING BIOMASS FUEL IN THE INDOOR ENVIRONMENT.

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OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE AND EXPOSURE TO BURNING BIOMASS FUEL IN THE INDOOR ENVIRONMENT.

Glob Heart. 2012 Sep 1;7(3):265-270

Authors: Diette GB, Accinelli RA, Balmes JR, Buist AS, Checkley W, Garbe P, Hansel NN, Kapil V, Gordon S, Lagat DK, Yip F, Mortimer K, Perez-Padilla R, Roth C, Schwaninger JM, Punturieri A, Kiley J

Abstract
It is estimated that up to half of the world’s population burns biomass fuel (wood, crop residues, animal dung and coal) for indoor uses such as cooking, lighting and heating. As a result, a large proportion of women and children are exposed to high levels of household air pollution (HAP). The short and long term effects of these exposures on the respiratory health of this population are not clearly understood. On May 9-11, 2011 NIH held an international workshop on the “Health Burden of Indoor Air Pollution on Women and Children,” in Arlington, VA. To gather information on the knowledge base on this topic and identify research gaps, ahead of the meeting we conducted a literature search using PubMed to identify publications that related to HAP, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Abstracts were all analyzed and we report on those considered by the respiratory sub study group at the meeting to be most relevant to the field. Many of the studies published are symptom-based studies (as opposed to objective measures of lung function or clinical examination etc.) and measurement of HAP was not done. Many found some association between indoor exposures to biomass smoke as assessed by stove type (e.g., open fire vs. liquid propane gas) and respiratory symptoms such as wheeze and cough. Among the studies that examined objective measures (e.g. spirometry) as a health outcome, the data supporting an association between biomass smoke exposure and COPD in adult women are fairly robust, but the findings for asthma are mixed. If an association was observed between the exposures and lung function, most data seemed to demonstrate mild to moderate reductions in lung function, the pathophysiological mechanisms of which need to be investigated. In the end, the group identified a series of scientific gaps and opportunities for research that need to be addressed to better understand the respiratory effects of exposure to indoor burning of the different forms of biomass fuels.

PMID: 23139916 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux, asthma and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea: a longitudinal, general population study.

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Nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux, asthma and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea: a longitudinal, general population study.

Eur Respir J. 2012 Sep 27;

Authors: Emilsson OI, Bengtsson A, Franklin KA, Torén K, Benediktsdóttir B, Farkhooy A, Weyler J, Dom S, Backer WD, Gislason T, Janson C

Abstract
Nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux (nGER) is associated with asthma and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Our aim was to investigate whether nGER is a risk factor for onset of asthma and onset of respiratory and OSA symptoms in a prospective population based study.We invited 2640 subjects from Iceland, Sweden and Belgium for two evaluations over a nine years interval. They participated in structured interviews, answered questionnaires, underwent spirometries and methacholine challenge testing. nGER was defined by reported symptoms.Subjects with persistent nGER (n=123) had an independent increased risk of new asthma at follow-up [OR (95% CI): 2.3 (1.1-4.9)]. Persistent nGER was independently related to onset of respiratory symptoms [OR (95% CI): 3.0 (1.6-5.6)]. The risk of developing symptoms of OSA was increased in subjects with new and persistent nGER [OR (95% CI): 2.2 (1.3-1.6) and 2.0 (1.0-3.7), respectively]. No significant association was found between nGER and lung function or bronchial responsiveness.Persistent symptoms of nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux contributes to the development of asthma and respiratory symptoms. New onset of OSA symptoms is higher among subjects with symptoms of nGER. These findings support that nGER may play a role in the genesis of respiratory symptoms and diseases.

PMID: 23018910 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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[Acute respiratory insufficiency – Prehospital management of obstructive pulmonary diseases].

[Acute respiratory insufficiency – Prehospital management of obstructive pulmonary diseases].

Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 2011 Nov;46(11-12):726-34

Authors: Kruska P, Kerner T

Abstract
Acute respiratory insufficiency due to obstructive pulmonary diseases is a common problem presenting to the emergency medical service. Most frequent causes are acute asthma attacks or acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The preclinical differentiation of both diseases may be difficult, so that the diagnosis is often made by precise anamnesis. This article reviews the prehospital management of asthma and COPD, including pharmacological options and techniques of mechanical ventilatory support (non-invasive vs. invasive).

PMID: 22147610 [PubMed – in process]

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High Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation for asthma and chronic obstructive … – 7thSpace Interactive (press release)

High Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation for asthma and chronic obstructive …
7thSpace Interactive (press release)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of HFCWO early in the treatment of adults hospitalized for acute asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: Randomized, multi-center, double-masked phase II clinical trial of …

View full post on asthma – Google News