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Two distinct leukotriene B4 receptors, BLT1 and BLT2.
J Biochem. 2014 Dec 4;
Authors: Yokomizo T
Abstract
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is a potent inflammatory mediator derived from arachidonic acid. Two G protein-coupled receptors for LTB4 have been identified: a high-affinity receptor, BLT1, and a low-affinity receptor, BLT2. Both receptors mainly couple to pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi-like G proteins and induce cell migration. 12(S)-hydroxy-5Z,8E,10E-heptadecatrienoic acid (12-HHT) was identified to bind BLT2 with higher affinity than LTB4. Expression of BLT1 was confirmed in type 1 helper T cells (Th1), Th2 cells, Th17 cells, effector CD8(+) T cells, dendritic cells, and osteoclasts in addition to granulocytes, eosinophils, and macrophages, and BLT1-deficient mice showed greatly reduced phenotypes in models of various inflammatory diseases, including peritonitis, bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and osteoporosis. In mice, BLT2 expression is restricted to intestinal epithelial cells and epidermal keratinocytes. BLT2-deficient mice showed enhanced colitis after administration of dextran sulfate, possibly due to reduced intestinal barrier function. An aspirin-dependent reduction in 12-HHT production was responsible for delayed skin wound healing, showing that the 12-HHT/BLT2 axis also plays an important role in skin biology. BLT1 and BLT2 are therefore potential targets for the development of novel drugs.
PMID: 25480980 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
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